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H-beam vs I-beam vs box column: which section where?
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H-beam vs I-beam vs box column: which section where?

Wide-flange H, narrow I and welded box sections compared for beams and columns: axis strength, torsion, connections and cost.
GGSteel Engineering · Updated November 2026

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All three carry load efficiently. The right choice depends on how the member bends and how it connects.

Comparison

H (wide flange)I (narrow flange)Box
Best asColumns, heavy beamsBeamsColumns, transfer members
Weak-axis strengthFairLowEqual both ways
TorsionLowVery lowHigh
ConnectionsSimpleSimpleDiaphragms needed
Cost per tonLowLowHigher

More detail on box sections: Welded Box Columns.

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